Short / medium / long term plan
Medium and long term plan: annual plan, 3 -, 5 -, 10-year plan
Short term plan: daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly plan
Plan: route to destination
The more people participate in the plan, the higher the realization of the plan.
The longer a plan is made, the worse its controllability will be. However, the shorter the plan is, the higher the cost will be. It is not cost-effective to make a plan every minute. The monthly plan and weekly plan should be more appropriate, and the daily plan will be a little more detailed. It's good to make a plan, but we should consider the cost, manpower and material resources.
Some things are good, but we don't do them because the cost is too high. We should form the habit of cost accounting all the time.
Long, medium and short term plan of JIT production
JIT is a very practical production plan. Almost all enterprises produce according to the order, so the JIT production plan is almost what every enterprise has to do.
The long-term plan (1-3 years) is how much the factory will do next year and next year, because sometimes the investment and construction of the factory should be calculated by year.
Case 1
When the sales volume of a garment factory declined, it invested heavily in building factories. It turned out that there were peaks and troughs in the market, and the factory was built at the time of the trough. As soon as the factory was built, the peak came. They make a one to three-year plan. If they don't make a plan, they don't build a factory. When the wave comes, it's too late to build a factory. Therefore, the factory should make a medium and long-term plan for one to three years, so as to make preparations for the investment in fixed assets, the investment in the factory and the construction period.
The medium-term plan, also known as rolling plan, evaluates whether the production capacity, suppliers and purchasing departments can be matched in the next few months, and whether the personnel of each department are insufficient or redundant.
In order to control the large change of orders, the sales department should guide the customers to make the orders more uniform and the types of orders more simple.
Case 2
A car factory, a few years ago, there were more than 200 types of heavy trucks alone, that is to say, each type of heavy truck has to have a mold, the cost is too high. This is because the sales staff completely caters to the customers. The customers say that if they want one kind, they have to design one kind and another. Later, they changed their way of doing things. When the customer asked for one, the sales staff told the customer, which one you want would cost 500000 yuan. If you want our regular production, it would cost 300000 yuan, and the customer would need 300000 yuan. After a long time, it finally became more than 50 categories. The fewer categories, the lower the cost. Therefore, the compression of this category also depends on the work of the sales department.
After classification, there are still changes, and the production department has to cope with these changes. It is necessary to formulate monthly production plan, medium-term production plan and rolling production plan.
Case 3
Suppose that product a and product B are on May 22nd. We need to make plans for June, July and August. We can know more accurately in June that product a will produce 200 units. How can we predict in July? The order hasn't come yet in July. It can be predicted that it will be ± 20, August, ± 30. How many months will it take? Roll to the purchasing cycle of materials. If the materials are purchased three months in advance, roll to three months. If the materials are purchased four months in advance, roll to four months. Why? Because the materials for September are going to be bought now.
